●   Bản rời    

Theo thông tin từ LHQ ngày 25/9/2018 nhân loại đang phải đối mặt với 4 đại họa

Subject: ***_LHQ_và_góc_nhìn_toàn_cầu hiện_trạng của_nhân_loại_
From: Mike Wilson
Date: Wed, September 26, 2018 1:00 pm


Theo thông tin từ LHQ ngày 25/9/2018 nhân loại đang phải đối mặt với

- biến đổi khí hậu,
- trí tuệ nhân tạo,
- hệ thống tiền ảo,
- công nghệ sinh học

và có khả năng không thể ứng biến theo kịp những hệ quả do các vấn đề trên nảy sinh .

Thêm vào đó là sự bất lực của nhân loại trong giải quyết chiến tranh, nạn đói và nạn di dân .

Các chiến tranh diệt chủng ở Bosnia, Rwanda và xung đột âm ỉ kéo dài giữa Israel và Palestine là những ví dụ .

Trong bối cảnh này xã hội các nước EU và Mỹ ngày càng chia rẽ phân hóa, quay lưng lại với hợp tác đa quốc gia (multinationalism), đòi bảo vệ lợi ích quốc gia trên hết (nationalism, protectionism), đòi cai trị theo cảm tính của dân thường (populism), và đi ngược lại các nguyên tắc dân chủ .

TT Trump tại Đại Hội Đồng LHQ hôm 25/9/2018 đã xác định bản chất và chính sách phản động nói trên .

Nếu ở cuối thế kỷ 20 Liên Sô rơi vào hoàn cảnh lỗi thời với nhịp tiến của nhân loại

thì nước Mỹ dưới thời Trump cũng có vẻ như đang đi ngược lại xu thế hợp tác đan xen toàn cầu - để gây ra những hậu quả bất ổn và đầy xung đột .

Đã xé bỏ cam kết đa quốc gia với Iran, Trump lại gây áp lực cấm vận tối đa, hi vọng nước này sẽ đến Mỹ "thương thảo lại", cùng lúc lại đe dọa lật đổ chính cái chế độ mà Trump đòi "đối thoại" (!)

LHQ là tổ chức rất cần cho hòa bình ổn định tương đối của nhân loại trong 73 năm qua .

Nhưng cần hơn nữa là nước Mỹ bớt phản động cản phá đà tiến của nhân loại !!!

nth-fl
_______________________________
In most global of settings, UN ponders populism's problems

By EDITH M. LEDERER and JENNIFER PELTZ
Today

https://www.apnews.com/699abba4c15e4bdea7c7963dec19a3a4



UNITED NATIONS (AP) — Warning that the world has a bad case of “trust deficit disorder” and risks “runaway climate change,” U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres urged global leaders Tuesday to abandon unilateralism and reinvigorate cooperation as the only way to tackle the challenges and threats of increasingly chaotic times.

The U.N. chief painted a grim picture of the state of the world in his opening address to the annual gathering of presidents, prime ministers, monarchs and government officials from the U.N.’s 193 member nations. He pointed to rising polarization and populism (approximation to mob rule), ebbing cooperation, “fragile” trust in international institutions and “outrage” at the inability to end wars in Syria, Yemen and elsewhere.

“Democratic principles are under siege,” Guterres said. “The world is more connected, yet societies are becoming more fragmented. Challenges are growing outward, while many people are turning inward (to protectionism, isolationism). Multilateralism is under fire - precisely when we need it most.”

In contrast, U.S. President Donald Trump defended an America-first policy, rejecting “global governance, control and domination.” (attacking directly the functions of the U.N.) He said he expects other nations to honor America’s sovereignty in return.
“America is governed by Americans,” Trump said in his speech. “We reject the ideology of globalism, and we embrace the doctrine of patriotism (protectionism, isolationism).” (this defines trump as the reactionary!)

But French President Emmanuel Macron assailed self-interest in his address soon after Trump, saying “nationalism always leads to defeat.”
He drew loud applause for his impassioned plea against isolationism and for global cooperation.
“Friends, I know you may be tired of multilateralism. I also know that the world is flooded with information, and one becomes indifferent. It all starts to look like a big show,” he said. “Please, don’t get used to it, don’t become indifferent. Do not accept the erosion of multilateralism. Don’t accept our history unraveling. I’m not getting used to this, and I’m not turning my head.”

In his speech, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani took a dig at Trump over the issue — indirectly, if not by name.
“Confronting multilateralism is not a sign of strength; rather it is a symptom of the weakness of intellect — it betrays an inability in understanding a complex and interconnected world,” Rouhani said.
Iran has been a target of escalating U.S. accusations over its nuclear and missile programs and international terrorist activities. It vehemently denies any nuclear ambitions or involvement in international terrorism.

Trump earlier had blasted what he called Iran’s “corrupt dictatorship,” saying he has launched an “economic pressure” campaign against the country (trump, you are not elected to solve Iran's corruption - pay attention to your own corruption problem, in the U.S.A. !). The U.S. withdrew this year from a 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and world powers.

Rouhani accused the U.S. of trying to overthrow his government, rejecting bilateral talks after Trump predicted stepped-up U.S. sanctions would get Tehran to negotiate over its nuclear program.

Guterres highlighted two challenges that have taken on “surpassing urgency” since last year: climate change and new risks from advances in technology.
“Climate change is moving faster than we are,” he warned. “If we do not change course in the next two years, we risk runaway climate change. ... Our future is at stake.”

Guterres said artificial intelligence, blockchain (A blockchain is a digitized, decentralized, public ledger of all cryptocurrency transactions.)and biotechnology can potentially “turbocharge progress,” but also pose risks and serious dangers.
Technology stands to change or eliminate some jobs and is being misused for sexual abuse, for terrorism and for malicious acts in cyberspace including disinformation campaigns, discrimination against women and for reinforcing “our male-dominated culture,” he said.
“The weaponization of artificial intelligence is a growing concern,” he added.

General Assembly President Maria Fernanda Espinosa Garces opened the gathering by asking the VIPs to stand in silent tribute to former Secretary-General Kofi Annan, who died Aug. 18 at age 80.
Espinosa Garces, who was Ecuador’s foreign minister, echoed Guterres’ appeal on multilateralism, saying the General Assembly is “the only place where a meeting of this kind is possible,” and where all countries “have the opportunity to hear and be heard.”
She said the U.N.’s global contribution has been immense, from international law and the promotion of peace to human rights, combatting poverty and preserving the environment.
“The reality is that the work of the United Nations is as relevant today as it was 73 years ago,” she said. “Multilateralism stands alone as the only viable response to the global problems that we are faced with. To undermine multilateralism, or to cast a doubt upon its merits, will only lead to instability and division, to mistrust and polarization.”

Brazil’s President Michel Temer also focused on threats to global cooperation.
“We live in times clouded by isolationist forces,” he said. “Old forms of intolerance are being rekindled. Unilateral relapses are, today, increasingly less of an exception.”
“However, these challenges should not and cannot possibly intimidate us. Isolationism, intolerance, unilateralism — we must respond to each of these different trends with the very best of our peoples,” Temer said.

Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto, attending his last assembly meeting before stepping down, warned of the return of nationalism, protectionist trade policies and the questioning of multilateralism. These (fascist, white supremacist) policies promote political exclusion of minorities, social exclusion of vulnerable groups and economic exclusion of the dispossessed, he said.

Pena Nieto urged all U.N. members to strengthen the United Nation. “This organization is the best evidence that it is worthwhile fighting for a more peaceful, safe world — a world that is more inclusive, more equal, more developed and sustainable,” he said.

Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan was sharply critical of the veto power wielded by the five permanent members of the Security Council — the U.S., Russia, China, Britain and France — and warned that the U.N. risks becoming an organization with “a reputation for failure” if it continues catering to them “while standing idle to the oppression in the other parts of the world.”
He cited genocides in Bosnia and Rwanda and the failure to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, calling for the Security Council to be restructured to reflect the 21st century.

This year, 133 world leaders have signed up to attend the session, which ends Oct. 1, a significant increase from the 114 leaders last year. Populist leaders attending include Poland’s President Andrzej Duda and Italy’s Premier Giuseppe Conte, along with the foreign ministers of Hungary and Austria.

In speeches and nearly 350 meetings on the assembly sideline, the conflicts, hotspots and issues contributing to that turbulence will be debated.

The seven-year conflict in Syria and the three-year war in Yemen that has sparked the world’s worst humanitarian crisis and now seriously threatens large-scale famine are certain to be in the spotlight, along with African hotspots including Libya, South Sudan, Central African Republic, Mali and Congo.

The U.S., which holds the rotating presidency of the U.N. Security Council in September, has scheduled two meetings, one chaired by Trump on Wednesday that was initially to focus on Iran but has now been broadened to “nonproliferation” of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons.
The second one, to be chaired Thursday by U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, is on North Korea, the one major issue where there is a glimmer of hope for progress. The 15 council nations have been united in imposing increasingly tough sanctions to try to rein in Pyongyang’s nuclear program. But that unity appears to be at risk over enforcement of sanctions and the broader issues of how to achieve denuclearization of the Korean peninsula, and when sanctions should be lifted.

---